French Lyrics
Canfield, Arthur Graves
French
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FRENCH LYRICS
SELECTED AND EDITED WITH AN INTRODUCTION AND NOTES
BY
ARTHUR GRAVES CANFIELD
Professor of the Romance Languages and Literatures in the University
of Michigan.
PREFACE.
This book is intended as an introduction to the reading and study of
French lyric poetry. If it contributes toward making that poetry more
widely known and more justly appreciated its purpose will have been
fulfilled.
It is rather usual among English-speaking people to think slightingly
of the poetry of France, especially of her lyrics. This is not
unnatural. The qualities that give French verse its distinction are
very different from those that make the strength and the charm of our
English lyrics. But we must guard ourselves against the conclusion
that because a work is unlike those that we are accustomed to admire
it is necessarily bad. There are many kinds of excellence. And this
little book must have been poorly put together indeed if it fail to
suggest to the reader that France possesses a wealth of lyric
verse which, whatever be its shortcomings in those qualities that
characterize our English lyrics, has others quite its own, both of
form and of spirit, that give it a high and serious interest and no
small measure of beauty and charm.
The editor has sought to keep the purpose of the volume constantly in
view in preparing the introduction and notes. He has hoped to supply
such information as would be most helpful, if not indispensable, to
the reader. And as he has thought that the best service the book could
render would be to stimulate interest in French poetry and to persuade
to a wider reading of it, he has wished in the bibliography to meet
especially the wants of those who may be inclined to pursue further
one or another of the acquaintances here begun. It is of course not
intended to be in any wise exhaustive, but only to present the sum of
an author's lyrical work, to indicate current and available editions,
and to point out sources of further information; among these last it
has sometimes been accessibility to the American reader rather than
relative importance that has dictated the insertion of a title.
The editor acknowledges here his wholesale indebtedness for his
materials to the various sources that he has recommended to the
reader. But he wishes to confess the special debt that he owes to Miss
Eugenie Galloo, Assistant Professor of French in the University of
Kansas, for many suggestions and valuable help with the proofs.
Her assistance has reduced considerably the number of the volume's
imperfections. For those that remain he can hold no one responsible
but himself.
A. G. C.
LAWRENCE, KANSAS,
Dec. 7, 1898.
INTRODUCTION.
As literature is not a bundle of separate threads, but one fabric, it
is manifestly impossible to give an adequate account of any one of its
forms, as the lyric poem, by itself and aside from the larger web of
which it is a part. The following pages will attempt only to sketch
the main phases which the history of the lyric in France exhibits and
so to furnish a rough outline that may help the reader of these poems
to place them in the right historical relations. He should fill it out
at all points by study of some history of French literature.[1] No
account will be taken here of those kinds of verse that have only a
slight contact with serious poetry. Such are, for instance, the songs
of the _chansonniers_, mainly of vinous inspiration, which followed a
tradition of their own apart from that of the more sober lyric, though
some of the later writers, especially BERANGER and DUPONT, raised them
to a higher dignity. Such also are the songs so abundant in the modern
vaudevilles and light operas, many of which have enjoyed a very wide
circulation and great favor and have left couplets fixed in the memory
of the great public.
Neither will account be taken of the poems of oral tradition, the
_chansons populaires_, of which France possesses a rich treasure, but
which have never there, as so conspicuously in Germany, been brought
into fructifying contact with the literary lyric.[2]
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